DHA Nursing Infection Prevention and Control — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What are the WHO 'Five Moments for Hand Hygiene' that DHA nurses must follow?
- Before and after meals only
- Before patient contact, before aseptic procedure, after body fluid exposure, after patient contact, after touching patient surroundings (Correct answer)
- Only before procedures
- Only after patient contact
Correct answer: Before patient contact, before aseptic procedure, after body fluid exposure, after patient contact, after touching patient surroundings
DHA follows the WHO Five Moments: before touching a patient, before clean/aseptic procedures, after body fluid exposure risk, after touching a patient, and after touching patient surroundings.
Question 2: What type of isolation precautions does DHA require for a patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis?
- Contact precautions only
- Airborne precautions including negative pressure room, N95 respirator, and restricted entry (Correct answer)
- Standard precautions only
- Droplet precautions only
Correct answer: Airborne precautions including negative pressure room, N95 respirator, and restricted entry
Active pulmonary TB requires airborne precautions: placement in a negative pressure isolation room, N95 respirator use by all entering staff, and restricted visitor access as per DHA infection control policies.
Question 3: What is the DHA protocol for management of needlestick injuries?
- No action is needed if wearing gloves
- Immediately wash with soap and water, report to occupational health, complete incident report, and initiate post-exposure prophylaxis assessment (Correct answer)
- Apply antiseptic and continue working
- Report at end of shift
Correct answer: Immediately wash with soap and water, report to occupational health, complete incident report, and initiate post-exposure prophylaxis assessment
DHA needlestick protocol requires immediate wound washing with soap and water (not squeezing), prompt reporting to occupational health, incident documentation, baseline blood tests, and PEP assessment within recommended timeframes.
Question 4: What are the DHA requirements for sterile technique during central line dressing changes?
- Clean technique is sufficient
- Full aseptic technique including sterile gloves, mask, cap, sterile drapes, and chlorhexidine skin antisepsis (Correct answer)
- Only hand washing is required
- No specific technique is required
Correct answer: Full aseptic technique including sterile gloves, mask, cap, sterile drapes, and chlorhexidine skin antisepsis
DHA requires maximal sterile barrier precautions for central line dressing changes including sterile gloves, mask, cap, sterile drapes, and chlorhexidine-based antiseptic for skin preparation to prevent CLABSI.
Question 5: What is the DHA protocol for managing multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections?
- No special precautions beyond standard
- Contact precautions with gowning, gloving, dedicated equipment, enhanced environmental cleaning, and antimicrobial stewardship (Correct answer)
- Only antibiotics are needed
- Isolation is not required for MDRO
Correct answer: Contact precautions with gowning, gloving, dedicated equipment, enhanced environmental cleaning, and antimicrobial stewardship
DHA MDRO management includes contact precautions (gown and gloves), dedicated patient equipment, enhanced environmental cleaning, active surveillance cultures, and antimicrobial stewardship to prevent spread.
Question 6: What is the minimum duration for alcohol-based hand rub application according to DHA standards?
- 5 seconds
- 20-30 seconds covering all surfaces of both hands until dry (Correct answer)
- 1 minute
- 10 seconds
Correct answer: 20-30 seconds covering all surfaces of both hands until dry
DHA standards require alcohol-based hand rub to be applied to all surfaces of both hands and rubbed together for 20-30 seconds until completely dry to ensure effective microbial reduction.
DHA Nursing Infection Prevention and Control
What are the WHO 'Five Moments for Hand Hygiene' that DHA nurses must follow?