DHA Nursing Fundamentals of Nursing 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which nursing theorist developed the Hierarchy of Needs model commonly applied to patient care prioritisation?
- Abraham Maslow (Correct answer)
- Florence Nightingale
- Virginia Henderson
- Dorothea Orem
Correct answer: Abraham Maslow
Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, though a psychology model, is widely used in nursing to prioritise patient needs from physiological to self-actualisation.
Question 2: What is the correct sequence of the nursing process?
- Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (Correct answer)
- Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation
- Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
- Implementation, Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Evaluation
Correct answer: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
The nursing process follows the ADPIE sequence: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation to provide systematic patient care.
Question 3: Hand hygiene should be performed for at least how many seconds when using soap and water according to WHO guidelines?
- 40–60 seconds (Correct answer)
- 5–10 seconds
- 10–15 seconds
- 2 minutes
Correct answer: 40–60 seconds
WHO guidelines recommend 40–60 seconds of handwashing with soap and water to effectively remove pathogens and reduce healthcare-associated infections.
Question 4: Which position is recommended for a patient experiencing respiratory distress to maximise lung expansion?
- High Fowler's (90°) (Correct answer)
- Supine
- Trendelenburg
- Prone
Correct answer: High Fowler's (90°)
High Fowler's position at 90 degrees allows maximum diaphragm descent and lung expansion, improving oxygenation in patients with breathing difficulty.
Question 5: What does the term 'triage' mean in an emergency nursing context?
- Sorting patients by urgency to prioritise care (Correct answer)
- Transferring patients between departments
- Documenting patient allergies
- Discharging stable patients
Correct answer: Sorting patients by urgency to prioritise care
Triage is the systematic process of sorting patients according to the urgency of their condition to ensure those with the greatest need receive care first.
Question 6: Which vital sign range indicates a normal adult respiratory rate?
- 12–20 breaths per minute (Correct answer)
- 6–10 breaths per minute
- 25–35 breaths per minute
- 40–50 breaths per minute
Correct answer: 12–20 breaths per minute
A normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute; values outside this range may indicate respiratory compromise.
DHA Nursing Fundamentals of Nursing 1
Which nursing theorist developed the Hierarchy of Needs model commonly applied to patient care prioritisation?