Fundamentals of Nursing Flashcards

Which nursing theorist developed the Hierarchy of Needs model commonly applied to patient care prioritisation?

Answer: Abraham Maslow

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, though a psychology model, is widely used in nursing to prioritise patient needs from physiological to self-actualisation.

What is the correct sequence of the nursing process?

Answer: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

The nursing process follows the ADPIE sequence: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation to provide systematic patient care.

Hand hygiene should be performed for at least how many seconds when using soap and water according to WHO guidelines?

Answer: 40–60 seconds

WHO guidelines recommend 40–60 seconds of handwashing with soap and water to effectively remove pathogens and reduce healthcare-associated infections.

Which position is recommended for a patient experiencing respiratory distress to maximise lung expansion?

Answer: High Fowler's (90°)

High Fowler's position at 90 degrees allows maximum diaphragm descent and lung expansion, improving oxygenation in patients with breathing difficulty.

What does the term 'triage' mean in an emergency nursing context?

Answer: Sorting patients by urgency to prioritise care

Triage is the systematic process of sorting patients according to the urgency of their condition to ensure those with the greatest need receive care first.

Which vital sign range indicates a normal adult respiratory rate?

Answer: 12–20 breaths per minute

A normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute; values outside this range may indicate respiratory compromise.