DevOps DevOps 2

Question 1

In a CI/CD pipeline, what is the primary purpose of a 'build artifact'?

Accepted Answer

A packaged, deployable output produced once and promoted across environments

Answer

A log file describing test failures

Answer

A temporary cache cleared after each commit

Answer

A branch protection rule in the repository

Question 2

Which practice best describes 'shift-left' testing?

Accepted Answer

Moving testing earlier into the development cycle

Answer

Running all tests only in production

Answer

Testing only after deployment

Answer

Shifting test ownership to the operations team

Question 3

What does the term 'idempotent' mean in the context of configuration management tools like Ansible?

Accepted Answer

Applying the same operation multiple times yields the same result

Answer

The tool runs faster on each subsequent execution

Answer

Configuration changes are randomly applied

Answer

Each run requires manual approval

Question 4

In Kubernetes, what is the role of a 'liveness probe'?

Accepted Answer

Detects when a container should be restarted because it is unhealthy

Answer

Scales the deployment based on CPU usage

Answer

Routes traffic to the fastest pod

Answer

Encrypts pod-to-pod communication

Question 5

Which strategy deploys a new version alongside the old one and gradually shifts traffic?

Accepted Answer

Canary deployment

Answer

Recreate deployment

Answer

Rollback deployment

Answer

Hotfix deployment

Question 6

What is the main benefit of using Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?

Accepted Answer

Reproducible, version-controlled infrastructure provisioning

Answer

Eliminating the need for any servers

Answer

Removing the need for monitoring

Answer

Faster physical hardware installation

Question 7

In Git, what does a 'merge conflict' indicate?

Accepted Answer

Two branches changed the same lines and Git cannot auto-resolve them

Answer

The remote repository is offline

Answer

A commit was signed with an invalid key

Answer

The branch has no upstream configured