DevOps Flashcards

In a CI/CD pipeline, what is the primary purpose of a 'build artifact'?

Answer: A packaged, deployable output produced once and promoted across environments

A build artifact is the immutable packaged output built once and promoted through environments to ensure consistency.

Which practice best describes 'shift-left' testing?

Answer: Moving testing earlier into the development cycle

Shift-left means catching defects earlier by integrating testing earlier in the development lifecycle.

What does the term 'idempotent' mean in the context of configuration management tools like Ansible?

Answer: Applying the same operation multiple times yields the same result

Idempotent operations produce the same end state no matter how many times they are applied.

In Kubernetes, what is the role of a 'liveness probe'?

Answer: Detects when a container should be restarted because it is unhealthy

A liveness probe checks whether a container is alive and triggers a restart if it fails.

Which strategy deploys a new version alongside the old one and gradually shifts traffic?

Answer: Canary deployment

A canary deployment routes a small portion of traffic to the new version before a full rollout.

What is the main benefit of using Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?

Answer: Reproducible, version-controlled infrastructure provisioning

IaC lets infrastructure be defined in code so it is reproducible, reviewable, and version controlled.

In Git, what does a 'merge conflict' indicate?

Answer: Two branches changed the same lines and Git cannot auto-resolve them

A merge conflict occurs when overlapping changes prevent Git from automatically combining branches.