DAANCE Basic Sciences and Anatomy 2

Question 1

The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) provides sensory innervation to the:

Accepted Answer

Posterior one-third of the tongue and pharynx

Answer

Anterior two-thirds of the tongue

Answer

Muscles of mastication

Answer

Parotid gland secretomotor fibers

Question 2

In the cardiovascular system, the sinoatrial (SA) node functions as:

Accepted Answer

The primary pacemaker of the heart

Answer

A backup pacemaker during SA node failure only

Answer

The site where the QRS complex is generated

Answer

A valve between the atria and ventricles

Question 3

Which respiratory muscle is the primary driver of normal quiet (tidal) breathing?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

External intercostals

Answer

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer

Scalene muscles

Question 4

The functional residual capacity (FRC) is important in anesthesia because it:

Accepted Answer

Is the oxygen reserve that delays desaturation during apnea

Answer

Represents the maximum volume of air the lungs can hold

Answer

Measures total lung compliance

Answer

Is the volume exhaled during a forced vital capacity maneuver

Question 5

During a Valsalva maneuver, intrathoracic pressure increases, which initially causes:

Accepted Answer

A decrease in venous return leading to decreased cardiac output

Answer

An increase in venous return and cardiac output

Answer

A rise in heart rate from direct sympathetic stimulation

Answer

Immediate hypoxemia from airway closure

Question 6

The hepatic first-pass effect refers to:

Accepted Answer

Metabolism of orally administered drugs in the liver before reaching systemic circulation

Answer

Drug absorption through the skin before entering systemic circulation

Answer

The excretion of unchanged drug through the bile

Answer

Drug binding to plasma proteins in the hepatic sinusoids