DAANCE Anesthetic Pharmacology 2

Question 1

Midazolam is preferred over diazepam for IV sedation primarily because it:

Accepted Answer

Causes superior amnesia and has a shorter half-life

Answer

Midazolam produces reliable anterograde amnesia and has a shorter half-life (approximately 2 hours) compared to diazepam (approximately 24 to 48 hours), reducing prolonged sedation.

Question 2

Flumazenil (Romazicon) reverses benzodiazepine sedation by:

Accepted Answer

Competitively blocking GABA-A receptor benzodiazepine sites

Answer

Flumazenil competitively antagonizes benzodiazepines at the GABA-A receptor benzodiazepine binding site, reversing sedation without affecting opioid effects.

Question 3

Which opioid is most commonly used for IV conscious sedation in the dental office due to its rapid onset and short duration?

Accepted Answer

Fentanyl

Answer

Fentanyl has an onset of approximately 2 minutes and peak effect at 5 minutes with a short duration (approximately 30 to 60 min), making it ideal for procedural sedation.

Question 4

Nitrous oxide exerts its clinical effects primarily through:

Accepted Answer

NMDA receptor antagonism and endogenous opioid release

Answer

Nitrous oxide anxiolytic and analgesic effects are mediated largely by NMDA antagonism and endogenous opioid system activation.

Question 5

A patient receiving IV ketamine for sedation is most likely to exhibit which distinctive clinical finding?

Accepted Answer

Dissociative anesthesia with preserved airway reflexes

Answer

Ketamine produces a dissociative state where the patient appears awake but is unresponsive to pain, while maintaining airway tone and protective reflexes.

DAANCE - Dental Anesthesia Assistant National Certification Examination Practice Test

DAANCE - Dental Anesthesia Assistant National Certification Examination Practice Test

DAANCE Anesthetic Pharmacology 2