CVE Career Development Theories 2 ā Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to Gottfredson's Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, which factor is eliminated FIRST as children narrow their career options?
- Social class boundaries
- Sex-type boundaries (Correct answer)
- Prestige boundaries
- Interest boundaries
Correct answer: Sex-type boundaries
Gottfredson's theory states that sex-type (gender-role) boundaries are established first, around ages 6-8, before prestige and social class boundaries.
Question 2: In Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), which construct most directly mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and career choice?
- Outcome expectations (Correct answer)
- Performance accomplishments
- Vicarious learning
- Career barriers
Correct answer: Outcome expectations
SCCT posits that outcome expectations mediate the path between self-efficacy beliefs and career interests and choices.
Question 3: A CVE client states she avoids management roles because she watched her mother get fired from a supervisory position. Which SCCT learning source does this represent?
- Enactive mastery experience
- Physiological arousal
- Vicarious learning (Correct answer)
- Verbal persuasion
Correct answer: Vicarious learning
Observing another person's experience (her mother) and drawing conclusions about one's own likely performance is vicarious learning.
Question 4: Super's Life-Span, Life-Space theory introduced the concept of the 'career rainbow.' What does this rainbow primarily illustrate?
- Stages of vocational maturity
- Multiple life roles played simultaneously over time (Correct answer)
- Holland's six personality types across the lifespan
- Progression of salary levels in a career
Correct answer: Multiple life roles played simultaneously over time
The career rainbow depicts the simultaneous and overlapping life roles (e.g., child, worker, citizen) across developmental stages.
Question 5: Which of the following BEST describes the concept of 'career adaptability' in Savickas's Career Construction Theory?
- The ability to change occupations without additional training
- Psychosocial resources used to cope with career development tasks and transitions (Correct answer)
- Matching personality type to work environment
- The number of career options a person has considered
Correct answer: Psychosocial resources used to cope with career development tasks and transitions
Career adaptability refers to the psychosocial resourcesāconcern, control, curiosity, and confidenceāindividuals use to manage vocational tasks and transitions.
Question 6: Roe's theory of career choice emphasizes which early life factor as most influential on vocational selection?
- Cognitive ability and aptitude testing results
- Parent-child interactions and emotional climate (Correct answer)
- Peer group occupational values
- Socioeconomic access to education
Correct answer: Parent-child interactions and emotional climate
Anne Roe's theory holds that early parent-child relationships shape personality needs, which in turn drive career orientation toward or away from people.
Question 7: In Krumboltz's Happenstance Learning Theory, which of the following is the evaluator's PRIMARY role when a client attributes career success entirely to luck?
- Challenge the attribution and redirect to structured planning
- Help the client recognize skills used to capitalize on unplanned events (Correct answer)
- Administer interests inventories to identify stable traits
- Refer the client to job-placement services immediately
Correct answer: Help the client recognize skills used to capitalize on unplanned events
Happenstance Learning Theory encourages clients to recognize that open curiosity and action skills allowed them to benefit from chance events.
CVE Career Development Theories 2
According to Gottfredson's Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, which factor is eliminated FIRST as children narrow their career options?