CVA Veterinary Pharmacology 5

Question 1

Which drug is used to reverse the sedative and analgesic effects of medetomidine or dexmedetomidine in dogs?

Accepted Answer

Atipamezole

Answer

Atipamezole (Antisedan) is a selective alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist that rapidly reverses the effects of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine.

Question 2

A technician notices a vial labeled 'FOR VETERINARY USE ONLY — NOT FOR HUMAN USE.' This label indicates the drug is:

Accepted Answer

An FDA-approved veterinary product

Answer

FDA-approved veterinary drugs carry labels specifying they are for animal use only, distinguishing them from human-label products used extra-label.

Question 3

Which route of administration provides the fastest onset of drug action in an emergency situation?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Intravenous administration delivers drugs directly into the bloodstream, providing near-immediate onset of action, critical in emergencies.

Question 4

Cyclosporine is prescribed to a dog with atopic dermatitis. What is its primary immunologic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits T-lymphocyte activation

Answer

Cyclosporine inhibits calcineurin, preventing T-lymphocyte activation and the release of cytokines like IL-2 that drive allergic inflammation.

Question 5

A rabbit is prescribed enrofloxacin. Which organ system requires special caution when using fluoroquinolones in young, growing animals?

Accepted Answer

Developing cartilage and joints

Answer

Fluoroquinolones can damage articular cartilage in young animals, so they should be used with caution in juvenile patients.

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