CVA Study Guide 2026

Written informed consent is required before any procedure carrying significant risk, documenting that the client understands the procedure, risks, alternatives, and costs.

For a serum separator tube to work correctly, the blood must be allowed to form a complete clot before centrifugation. This process typically takes about 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuging too early or shaking the tube can result in an incomplete clot and a poor-quality serum sample.

Weighing food in grams with a digital scale is far more accurate than volume measures because food density varies, making gram-based feeding essential for therapeutic diets.

Mayo scissors are heavier and stronger than Metzenbaum scissors, making them the appropriate choice for cutting dense connective tissues such as fascia. Metzenbaum scissors are more delicate and are used for cutting fine tissues. Iris scissors are small and used for very fine, delicate procedures, like ophthalmic surgery. Lister bandage scissors have a blunted tip and are designed for cutting bandage material without injuring the skin.

The best initial action is to de-escalate the situation by moving it to a private space. This shows respect for the client's feelings, maintains a professional atmosphere in the public waiting room, and allows for a calm, focused conversation about the invoice details.

The adrenal glands are near each kidney ('ad-' = near, 'renal' = kidney) and produce hormones critical for stress response, electrolyte balance, and fight-or-flight response.