CSG Aging Physiology & Nutritional Needs 2

Question 1

Which age-related change is the primary reason resting energy expenditure declines in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Loss of fat-free mass

Answer

Resting energy expenditure falls mainly because metabolically active lean tissue is lost with age.

Question 2

Atrophic gastritis in older adults most directly impairs absorption of which nutrient from food?

Accepted Answer

Protein-bound vitamin B12

Answer

Low gastric acid and pepsin prevent release of B12 from food proteins, while crystalline B12 is still absorbed.

Question 3

The RDA for vitamin D for adults over 70 years is:

Accepted Answer

800 IU/day

Answer

The IOM set the RDA at 800 IU (20 mcg) per day for adults older than 70.

Question 4

An 82-year-old resident rarely asks for water and has rising serum sodium. Which physiologic change best explains this?

Accepted Answer

Blunted thirst sensation

Answer

Older adults have diminished thirst perception, raising risk of hypernatremic dehydration.

Question 5

Total body water in older adults compared with younger adults is generally:

Accepted Answer

Lower, due in part to loss of lean mass

Answer

Muscle holds much more water than fat, so lean tissue loss lowers total body water.

CSG - Certified Specialist in Gerontological Nutrition Practice Test