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Cloud Computing & Infrastructure Flashcards

7 cards from real CRT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the key difference between vertical scaling (scale-up) and horizontal scaling (scale-out) in cloud infrastructure?

    Answer: Vertical scaling increases a single instance's resources; horizontal scaling adds more instances

    Vertical scaling grows a single server's CPU/RAM/storage, while horizontal scaling distributes load across additional instances.

  2. Which cloud storage type is optimized for high-throughput sequential reads and writes, such as big data analytics workloads?

    Answer: Object storage

    Object storage like Amazon S3 handles massive unstructured datasets and is optimized for large-scale parallel reads common in analytics pipelines.

  3. What does a CI/CD pipeline primarily automate in cloud software delivery?

    Answer: Building, testing, and deploying code changes continuously

    CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery) pipelines automate code integration, automated testing, and deployment to reduce manual release steps.

  4. Which cloud pricing strategy reserves compute capacity for 1 or 3 years in exchange for significant discounts compared to on-demand rates?

    Answer: Reserved instances

    Reserved Instances commit to a specific instance type for 1 or 3 years, offering up to 72% savings compared to on-demand pricing.

  5. In cloud security, what does encryption 'at rest' protect against?

    Answer: Unauthorized access to stored data if physical media is compromised

    Encryption at rest protects data stored on disk from being read if the storage media is physically stolen or accessed without authorization.

  6. What is the purpose of a cloud load balancer's health check?

    Answer: To detect and remove unhealthy instances from the traffic rotation

    Health checks periodically probe backend instances and automatically stop routing traffic to any instance that fails the check.

  7. Which cloud-native design pattern uses an event bus to trigger independent services when specific events occur?

    Answer: Event-driven architecture

    Event-driven architecture decouples producers and consumers by routing events through a central bus, allowing services to react independently.

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