Health Data Analytics Flashcards

Which type of chart is best suited for monitoring a process rate (proportion) such as the percentage of patients who develop a pressure injury?

Answer: P-chart

The P-chart (proportion chart) is designed for monitoring the fraction or percentage of defectives in subgroups of varying sizes.

A healthcare quality professional needs to display the frequency of different types of medication errors by category. Which visualization is most appropriate?

Answer: Pareto chart

A Pareto chart displays frequency by category in descending order and includes a cumulative line, helping identify the 'vital few' causes.

Inter-rater reliability in chart abstraction is best measured using which statistic?

Answer: Cohen's kappa

Cohen's kappa measures agreement between two raters on categorical data while correcting for agreement that would be expected by chance alone.

In the context of CPHQ, what is the key distinction between a 'sentinel event' and a 'near miss'?

Answer: Sentinel events reached the patient and caused serious harm; near misses did not reach or harm the patient

A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence resulting in death or serious harm, while a near miss (close call) is a process failure that did not reach the patient or caused no harm.

When analyzing patient fall data, a quality team notices the rate is higher on the night shift. This finding should be addressed first by:

Answer: Drilling deeper into night-shift-specific factors through stratification and fishbone analysis

Further stratification and root cause analysis of the night shift subgroup is needed to identify the specific contributing factors before implementing targeted interventions.

Which term describes the consistency of a measurement tool in producing the same results under the same conditions?

Answer: Reliability

Reliability refers to the degree to which a measurement produces consistent, reproducible results when applied repeatedly under the same conditions.

A quality improvement team is using PDSA cycles. What is the PRIMARY purpose of the 'Study' phase?

Answer: Analyze data collected during the 'Do' phase and compare to predictions

The Study phase involves analyzing the data gathered during implementation and comparing the results against the predictions made in the Plan phase.