Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse Flashcards
7 cards from real CPHON practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse flashcards as text
Which chemotherapy agent is most associated with hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric patients?
Answer: Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide is metabolized to acrolein, which irritates the bladder lining causing hemorrhagic cystitis; mesna and hydration are used for prevention.
A child with neuroblastoma is scheduled for a MIBG scan. Which medication must be given before the procedure?
Answer: Potassium iodide to protect the thyroid
Potassium iodide (or Lugol's solution) is given before MIBG scans to block thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine.
Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a child experiencing vincristine-induced constipation?
Answer: Prophylactic bowel regimen with stimulant laxatives started at initiation of vincristine
Vincristine causes autonomic neuropathy leading to constipation; a prophylactic bowel regimen is standard practice from the start of therapy.
A 12-year-old receiving asparaginase develops sudden severe abdominal pain with elevated lipase and amylase. The nurse should suspect:
Answer: Asparaginase-induced pancreatitis
Asparaginase is a well-known cause of pancreatitis in pediatric oncology patients, manifesting with abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic enzymes.
The nurse is preparing to administer a platelet transfusion to a child with acute leukemia who previously had a severe transfusion reaction. Which product modification is most appropriate?
Answer: Leukoreduced and irradiated platelets
Leukoreduction reduces febrile reactions and CMV transmission, while irradiation prevents transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease in immunocompromised patients.
A child with T-cell lymphoma develops a pleural effusion. Upon thoracentesis, the fluid appears milky white. This finding is most consistent with:
Answer: Chylothorax from thoracic duct obstruction by tumor
A milky white pleural effusion (chylothorax) results from lymphatic obstruction by tumor, causing chyle to accumulate in the pleural space.
Which lab value is most important to monitor before administering methotrexate to prevent severe toxicity?
Answer: Serum creatinine and creatinine clearance
Methotrexate is renally excreted; impaired renal function leads to drug accumulation and severe toxicity including mucositis and myelosuppression.