Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse Flashcards
7 cards from real CPHON practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse flashcards as text
A child with ALL is receiving intrathecal methotrexate. Which adverse effect is most specific to this route of administration?
Answer: Arachnoiditis
Intrathecal methotrexate can cause chemical arachnoiditis, presenting with headache, fever, and meningismus shortly after administration.
When caring for a child receiving high-dose cytarabine (Ara-C), which ocular prophylaxis is routinely administered?
Answer: Steroid eye drops
Steroid (dexamethasone) eye drops are given prophylactically to prevent cytarabine-induced conjunctivitis and keratitis.
A 9-year-old with Hodgkin lymphoma has a mediastinal mass. Which pre-anesthesia concern is most critical?
Answer: Risk of airway compression under anesthesia
Mediastinal masses can compress the trachea or great vessels, making general anesthesia extremely dangerous due to loss of airway tone.
Which hematologic finding is most consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a pediatric oncology patient?
Answer: Elevated D-dimer with prolonged PT/PTT and low fibrinogen
DIC is characterized by simultaneous clotting and bleeding, resulting in elevated D-dimer, prolonged clotting times, and consumed fibrinogen.
A toddler with Wilms tumor is post-nephrectomy. Which blood pressure parameter requires close monitoring?
Answer: Hypertension due to remaining kidney compensation
After unilateral nephrectomy, the remaining kidney may produce excess renin, leading to hypertension that requires close monitoring.
A child with sickle cell disease and acute chest syndrome requires which immediate intervention?
Answer: Simple or exchange transfusion and oxygen supplementation
Acute chest syndrome is treated with oxygen, incentive spirometry, analgesia, and transfusion (simple or exchange) to reduce HbS percentage.
During a bone marrow biopsy in a pediatric patient, the nurse notes the child becomes acutely tachycardic and diaphoretic. What is the priority action?
Answer: Assess airway, breathing, and circulation and notify the provider immediately
Acute tachycardia and diaphoresis during a procedure may indicate a vasovagal response, hemorrhage, or anesthetic reaction requiring immediate assessment.