Pediatric Blood Disorders and Hematology Flashcards
6 cards from real CPHON practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Pediatric Blood Disorders and Hematology flashcards as text
A child with sickle cell disease presents with severe bone pain, fever, and chest infiltrates. The nurse recognizes this as:
Answer: Acute chest syndrome
Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease is defined by a new pulmonary infiltrate with fever, chest pain, and respiratory symptoms.
Which blood product is used FIRST-LINE for a child with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who has intracranial bleeding?
Answer: Platelet transfusion
Platelet transfusion is given urgently in ITP with life-threatening bleeding such as intracranial hemorrhage to raise the platelet count rapidly.
A child with hemophilia A needs factor replacement. Which blood product is most appropriate?
Answer: Factor VIII concentrate
Factor VIII concentrate directly replaces the deficient clotting factor in hemophilia A and is more effective and precise than FFP.
A 6-year-old with beta-thalassemia major requires chronic transfusion therapy. Which complication must the nurse monitor for over time?
Answer: Iron overload (hemosiderosis)
Repeated transfusions in thalassemia major lead to iron overload, damaging the heart, liver, and endocrine organs.
Which finding is characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a pediatric oncology patient?
Answer: Prolonged PT/PTT, low fibrinogen, and thrombocytopenia
DIC is characterized by simultaneous clotting and bleeding, resulting in consumption of clotting factors and platelets, causing prolonged PT/PTT and low fibrinogen.
A child with aplastic anemia has an ANC of 150 cells/mm³. The nurse should place the child in:
Answer: Protective (reverse) isolation
An ANC below 500 cells/mm³ indicates severe neutropenia; protective isolation minimizes exposure to pathogens in this immunocompromised child.