Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment Flashcards
6 cards from real CPHON practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment flashcards as text
A childhood cancer survivor who received anthracycline chemotherapy is at greatest risk for which late effect?
Answer: Cardiotoxicity and cardiomyopathy
Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) cause cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, leading to cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure as a significant late effect in childhood cancer survivors.
Which childhood cancer treatment is most closely associated with the late effect of secondary leukemia?
Answer: Alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide
Alkylating agents are associated with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), typically occurring 5–10 years after initial treatment.
A 16-year-old survivor of childhood ALL who received cranial radiation reports difficulty concentrating and declining academic performance. This is most consistent with which late effect?
Answer: Neurocognitive impairment
Cranial radiation disrupts developing white matter and neural circuitry, leading to neurocognitive late effects including attention difficulties, processing speed deficits, and academic challenges—particularly in children treated at younger ages.
Which endocrine late effect is most commonly seen in children who received total body irradiation (TBI) as part of a stem cell transplant conditioning regimen?
Answer: Growth hormone deficiency
TBI damages the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, most commonly affecting growth hormone secretion. Growth hormone deficiency is the most frequent endocrine late effect, leading to short stature if untreated.
A survivor of Wilms tumor who received flank radiation is at risk for which musculoskeletal late effect on the irradiated side?
Answer: Scoliosis and spinal asymmetry
Radiation to the flank in young children damages vertebral growth plates asymmetrically, leading to scoliosis and spinal curvature as bone on the irradiated side grows less than the contralateral side.
Which late effect should a nurse specifically assess for in a female survivor of childhood cancer who received gonadotoxic treatment before puberty?
Answer: Premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility
Alkylating agents and pelvic/gonadal radiation destroy primordial follicles, leading to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), absent or delayed puberty, and infertility.