Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment Flashcards
6 cards from real CPHON practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment flashcards as text
Which late effect is associated with bleomycin chemotherapy used in treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma?
Answer: Pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin causes inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma. Pulmonary fibrosis is the major dose-limiting late toxicity, potentially resulting in chronic restrictive lung disease.
A 10-year-old who received high-dose methotrexate during ALL treatment now has difficulty with math and reading comprehension. Which pathologic mechanism best explains this?
Answer: Leukoencephalopathy from methotrexate-induced white matter damage
High-dose methotrexate can cause leukoencephalopathy—demyelination and white matter injury—leading to cognitive deficits in attention, processing speed, and academic skills.
Which late effect monitoring test is most important for a childhood cancer survivor who received high-dose cisplatin?
Answer: Audiogram for sensorineural hearing loss
Cisplatin is ototoxic, causing permanent sensorineural hearing loss—particularly in high frequencies. Regular audiologic monitoring is essential for survivors who received cisplatin.
A male survivor of childhood cancer who received testicular radiation or alkylating agents should be counseled about which reproductive late effect?
Answer: Azoospermia and infertility
Testicular radiation and alkylating agents destroy spermatogonia, leading to azoospermia and potential permanent infertility. Testosterone production may or may not be affected depending on Leydig cell damage.
Which late effect is associated with corticosteroid use during childhood cancer treatment?
Answer: Avascular necrosis of bone
Prolonged high-dose corticosteroid use impairs blood supply to bone, most commonly affecting the femoral head and causing avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis), which can lead to joint collapse and chronic pain.
A long-term survivor of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma who received mantle field radiation is at significantly elevated risk for which secondary malignancy?
Answer: Breast cancer
Females who received mantle field radiation involving the chest are at markedly elevated lifetime risk for breast cancer, often presenting at a younger age than in the general population.