CPCE Human Growth and Development 2

Question 1

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, the 'zone of proximal development' (ZPD) refers to:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a learner can do alone and with skilled guidance

Answer

The ZPD is the distance between a learner's independent capability and what they can achieve with support from a more knowledgeable other.

Question 2

A 4-year-old child insists that a taller, thinner glass holds more water than a shorter, wider glass even after watching the same amount of water poured between them. This demonstrates a lack of:

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Answer

Conservation is the understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or appearance, a concept Piaget found absent in preoperational children.

Question 3

Bronfenbrenner's ecological model places the bidirectional interactions between microsystems (e.g., home and school) in the:

Accepted Answer

Mesosystem

Answer

The mesosystem encompasses the relationships and interactions between two or more settings in which the developing person actively participates.

Question 4

During which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development does the central crisis involve 'Intimacy vs. Isolation'?

Accepted Answer

Early adulthood

Answer

Erikson placed Intimacy vs. Isolation in early adulthood (roughly ages 20–40), where forming close, committed relationships is the developmental task.

Question 5

Which theorist proposed that moral development progresses through three levels—preconventional, conventional, and postconventional—each containing two stages?

Accepted Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg

Answer

Kohlberg extended Piaget's work on moral reasoning and described six stages across three hierarchical levels of moral development.

Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Exam Practice Test

Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Exam Practice Test

CPCE Human Growth and Development 2