COST Ocular Pathology & Disease Recognition 3

Question 1

The standard of care treatment for a medium-sized choroidal melanoma is:

Accepted Answer

Episcleral plaque brachytherapy

Answer

Episcleral plaque brachytherapy (plaque radiotherapy) is the preferred treatment for medium-sized choroidal melanoma, with survival outcomes equivalent to enucleation per the COMS trial.

Question 2

Retinoblastoma is associated with a mutation in which gene?

Accepted Answer

RB1 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 13

Answer

Retinoblastoma results from biallelic mutations in the RB1 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 13, following Knudson's two-hit hypothesis.

Question 3

Optic neuritis as seen in multiple sclerosis characteristically presents with:

Accepted Answer

Acute unilateral vision loss with pain on eye movement

Answer

Optic neuritis typically presents with acute, unilateral vision loss accompanied by pain exacerbated by eye movement, a relative afferent pupillary defect, and color desaturation.

Question 4

Acute-onset post-surgical endophthalmitis is most commonly caused by which organism?

Accepted Answer

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci

Answer

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (primarily S. epidermidis) are the most common causative organisms in post-cataract surgical endophthalmitis, typically presenting within six weeks of surgery.

Question 5

Aqueous-deficient dry eye syndrome is most commonly caused by dysfunction of which structure?

Accepted Answer

Main lacrimal gland

Answer

Aqueous-deficient dry eye results from insufficient tear production by the main lacrimal gland, most commonly due to Sjögren's syndrome or lacrimal gland damage.

COST - Certified Ophthalmic Surgical Technologist Practice Test

COST - Certified Ophthalmic Surgical Technologist Practice Test

COST Ocular Pathology & Disease Recognition 3