Cognizant Quality Assurance and Improvement 3

Question 1

What is the key difference between Verification and Validation in software quality?

Accepted Answer

Verification checks if the product is built right; Validation checks if the right product is built

Answer

Verification ensures the product conforms to specifications, while Validation ensures it meets the user's actual needs.

Question 2

In Agile quality practices, what is the purpose of a 'Definition of Done' (DoD)?

Accepted Answer

A shared checklist that defines when a user story or task is considered complete

Answer

The Definition of Done is a team agreement outlining all conditions that must be met before a work item is considered complete.

Question 3

Which type of software testing checks that a new code change hasn't broken existing functionality?

Accepted Answer

Regression Testing

Answer

Regression Testing re-executes existing tests after code changes to ensure previously working features still function correctly.

Question 4

What is a 'quality gate' in a CI/CD pipeline?

Accepted Answer

A checkpoint that enforces quality criteria before code proceeds to the next stage

Answer

A quality gate is a set of conditions that must be met (e.g., test coverage thresholds, no critical bugs) before code can advance in the pipeline.

Question 5

What does 'Mean Time to Repair' (MTTR) measure in quality management?

Accepted Answer

The average time taken to fix a system after a failure

Answer

MTTR measures how quickly a team can restore a system to normal operation after a failure occurs.

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