CNS Sports Nutrition & Exercise Physiology 2

Question 1

The female athlete triad consists of which three interrelated components?

Accepted Answer

Low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density

Answer

The female athlete triad is defined by the spectrum of low energy availability (with or without disordered eating), menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density.

Question 2

Which body composition assessment method uses the principle that lean tissue is denser than fat tissue to estimate percent body fat?

Accepted Answer

Hydrostatic (underwater) weighing

Answer

Hydrostatic weighing calculates body density from the difference between dry land weight and underwater weight, then applies the Siri or Brozek equation to estimate body fat percentage.

Question 3

Co-ingestion of protein with carbohydrate immediately after resistance exercise primarily enhances recovery by:

Accepted Answer

Stimulating muscle protein synthesis and augmenting insulin-mediated glucose uptake

Answer

Post-exercise protein provides amino acids to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, while carbohydrate raises insulin, which promotes glycogen synthesis and synergistically supports protein anabolism.

Question 4

An endurance athlete training at altitude (>2,500 m) for 3 weeks requires increased dietary attention to which micronutrient due to accelerated erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Altitude hypoxia stimulates erythropoietin release and red blood cell production, substantially increasing iron demand for hemoglobin synthesis during altitude training blocks.

Question 5

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) differs from the female athlete triad in that RED-S:

Accepted Answer

Encompasses male athletes and affects multiple physiological systems beyond bone and reproduction

Answer

RED-S is an expanded model recognizing that chronic low energy availability impairs metabolic rate, immunity, cardiovascular function, psychological health, and more in both male and female athletes.

CNS - Certified Nutrition Specialist Practice Test

CNS - Certified Nutrition Specialist Practice Test

CNS Sports Nutrition & Exercise Physiology 2