CNC Fundamentals of Nutrition Science 4

Question 1

The glycemic index (GI) of a food is measured relative to which reference food?

Accepted Answer

Pure glucose or white bread

Answer

GI is standardly measured using pure glucose (GI=100) as the reference; some protocols use white bread (GI=100) as an alternative reference.

Question 2

During prolonged fasting or very-low-carbohydrate intake, the brain adapts to using which alternative fuel source produced in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Ketone bodies

Answer

The liver produces ketone bodies (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate) from fatty acid oxidation; unlike free fatty acids, ketones can cross the blood-brain barrier to fuel the brain.

Question 3

Which essential mineral plays a central role in oxygen transport by forming the heme group of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Iron is the core component of the heme group in hemoglobin and myoglobin, enabling the binding and transport of oxygen in red blood cells and muscle tissue.

Question 4

What is the recommended daily fiber intake for adult women under 50 according to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

Accepted Answer

25g

Answer

The AI for total fiber is 25g/day for adult women under 50 and 38g/day for adult men under 50, based on risk reduction for coronary heart disease.

Question 5

Which process describes the conversion of excess amino acids into glucose in the liver when carbohydrate intake is insufficient?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic pathway that synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, including glucogenic amino acids, lactate, and glycerol.

(CNC) Certified Nutrition Coach Practice Test

(CNC) Certified Nutrition Coach Practice Test

CNC Fundamentals of Nutrition Science 4