CNC Fundamentals of Nutrition Science 3

Question 1

Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in over 100 enzymatic reactions and is essential for amino acid metabolism, including the conversion of tryptophan to niacin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Answer

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) serves as a coenzyme (PLP) in transamination and decarboxylation reactions, including the conversion of tryptophan to niacin.

Question 2

Dietary fiber that is fermented by colonic bacteria to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Soluble fiber

Answer

Soluble (fermentable) fiber is broken down by gut microbiota into SCFAs such as butyrate, propionate, and acetate, which support colonocyte health.

Question 3

What is the primary role of bile salts in fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Emulsify fat globules to increase surface area for lipase

Answer

Bile salts emulsify dietary fats into smaller droplets, dramatically increasing the surface area available for pancreatic lipase to act upon.

Question 4

A diet very high in protein significantly increases the need for which nutrient to support nitrogen excretion and prevent urea accumulation?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Nitrogen from excess protein is converted to urea in the liver and excreted by the kidneys, increasing obligatory water loss and overall fluid requirements.

Question 5

Which mineral is a cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and is found in high concentrations in Brazil nuts?

Accepted Answer

Selenium

Answer

Selenium is incorporated into glutathione peroxidase, a key antioxidant enzyme; Brazil nuts are one of the richest dietary sources of selenium.

(CNC) Certified Nutrition Coach Practice Test

(CNC) Certified Nutrition Coach Practice Test

CNC Fundamentals of Nutrition Science 3