CNC Digestive Health & Gut Nutrition 2

Question 1

Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor for absorption and is primarily absorbed in the terminal ileum?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) binds to intrinsic factor (produced by gastric parietal cells) and is absorbed specifically at the terminal ileum via specialized receptors.

Question 2

What is the primary role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Activating pepsinogen and creating an acidic environment for protein denaturation

Answer

HCl lowers gastric pH (to 1.5–3.5), which activates pepsinogen to pepsin, denatures dietary proteins, and kills most ingested pathogens.

Question 3

Which condition is characterized by chronic inflammation of the inner lining of the colon and rectum?

Accepted Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes chronic inflammation and ulcers confined to the mucosal lining of the colon and rectum.

Question 4

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, what is the recommended daily fiber intake for adult women under age 50?

Accepted Answer

25 grams

Answer

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend 25 grams of fiber per day for adult women under 50 and 38 grams for adult men under 50.

Question 5

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of probiotics?

Accepted Answer

Kefir

Answer

Kefir is a fermented dairy beverage containing live cultures of bacteria and yeasts, making it one of the most potent natural dietary sources of probiotics.

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CNC Digestive Health & Gut Nutrition 2