CMT CMT Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine

Question 1

Which ABO blood group is considered the 'universal donor' for red blood cell transfusions?

Accepted Answer

O

Answer

Group O red blood cells lack A and B antigens, making them compatible with recipients of any ABO blood group in emergency situations.

Question 2

The Rh blood group antigen most commonly responsible for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is:

Accepted Answer

Rh(D)

Answer

The D antigen is the most immunogenic Rh antigen; Rh(D)-negative mothers who form anti-D antibodies pose the greatest risk for severe HDFN.

Question 3

A direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is used to detect:

Accepted Answer

Antibodies coating the patient's red blood cells in vivo

Answer

The DAT (direct Coombs test) uses anti-human globulin to detect IgG antibodies or complement already bound to circulating red blood cells.

Question 4

Platelet concentrates should be stored at:

Accepted Answer

20–24°C with continuous agitation

Answer

Platelets must be stored at room temperature (20–24°C) with constant agitation to maintain viability and prevent aggregation; refrigeration activates and damages platelets.

Question 5

Which crossmatch technique detects most clinically significant alloantibodies that may cause hemolytic transfusion reactions?

Accepted Answer

Antihuman globulin (AHG) crossmatch

Answer

The AHG crossmatch (indirect Coombs phase) detects IgG alloantibodies that react at 37°C and are associated with hemolytic reactions.

CMT - Certified Medical Technologist Practice Test

CMT - Certified Medical Technologist Practice Test

CMT CMT Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine