CMT CMT Urinalysis and Body Fluids 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which urine dipstick reagent pad detects glucose via the glucose oxidase reaction?
- Glucose pad (Correct answer)
- Protein pad
- Ketone pad
- Bilirubin pad
Correct answer: Glucose pad
The glucose pad uses glucose oxidase to catalyze glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, which then reacts with a chromogen to produce a color change.
Question 2: A urine specific gravity of 1.035 most likely indicates:
- Diabetes insipidus
- Overhydration
- Concentrated urine (Correct answer)
- Renal failure
Correct answer: Concentrated urine
A specific gravity of 1.035 is above the normal range (1.003–1.030) and indicates highly concentrated urine, often seen in dehydration.
Question 3: Which formed element in urine sediment is pathognomonic for glomerulonephritis?
- Hyaline casts
- RBC casts (Correct answer)
- Granular casts
- Waxy casts
Correct answer: RBC casts
RBC (red blood cell) casts in urine sediment are characteristic of glomerular inflammation or glomerulonephritis.
Question 4: Bence Jones proteins in urine are best detected by:
- Dipstick protein pad
- Sulfosalicylic acid test
- Heat precipitation at 60°C then redissolving at 100°C (Correct answer)
- Urine culture
Correct answer: Heat precipitation at 60°C then redissolving at 100°C
Bence Jones proteins precipitate at 40–60°C and redissolve when heated to near boiling, distinguishing them from albumin.
Question 5: Which urine color is most associated with myoglobinuria?
- Colorless
- Yellow-green
- Red-brown (Correct answer)
- Milky white
Correct answer: Red-brown
Myoglobin released from damaged muscle gives urine a red-brown or cola-colored appearance and tests positive on the dipstick blood pad.
Question 6: Trichomonas vaginalis in a urine sediment is best identified by:
- Its pear shape and flagella on wet preparation (Correct answer)
- Gram stain morphology
- Culture on MacConkey agar
- AFB staining
Correct answer: Its pear shape and flagella on wet preparation
Trichomonas vaginalis is recognized as a motile, pear-shaped organism with anterior flagella visible on a fresh wet preparation of urine sediment.
CMT CMT Urinalysis and Body Fluids 1
Which urine dipstick reagent pad detects glucose via the glucose oxidase reaction?