CLT Pathophysiology of Lymphedema 2

Question 1

Primary lymphedema that is present at birth or develops within the first two years of life is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Congenital lymphedema (Milroy disease)

Answer

Congenital lymphedema, associated with Milroy disease, is present at birth or manifests within the first two years of life due to genetic defects in lymphatic development.

Question 2

Lymphedema praecox, the most common form of primary lymphedema, typically presents at what age range?

Accepted Answer

Puberty to age 35

Answer

Lymphedema praecox most commonly appears during puberty through age 35, often triggered by hormonal changes, and predominantly affects females.

Question 3

Which genetic mutation is most commonly associated with Milroy disease (congenital primary lymphedema)?

Accepted Answer

FLT4 gene mutation encoding VEGFR-3

Answer

Milroy disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in FLT4, the gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), which is essential for lymphatic vessel development.

Question 4

How does the lymphatic transport capacity relate to lymphatic load in the development of lymphedema?

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema occurs when lymphatic load exceeds transport capacity

Answer

Lymphedema develops when the lymphatic load (volume of fluid and protein entering the interstitium) exceeds the transport capacity of the lymphatic system, leading to fluid accumulation.

Question 5

How does lipedema differ pathophysiologically from lymphedema?

Accepted Answer

Lipedema involves abnormal fat deposition symmetrically in extremities and is not caused by lymphatic failure

Answer

Lipedema is a disorder of abnormal, painful subcutaneous fat deposition typically distributed symmetrically in the legs and sparing the feet, not caused by primary lymphatic failure, though it may secondarily impair lymphatics.

CLT - Certified Lymphedema Therapist Practice Test

CLT - Certified Lymphedema Therapist Practice Test

CLT Pathophysiology of Lymphedema 2