Clinical Nutritionist CCN Trivia 4

Question 1

Which plant compound found in soybeans is classified as a phytoestrogen due to its structural similarity to estradiol?

Accepted Answer

Genistein

Answer

Genistein is an isoflavone in soy that binds estrogen receptors and can exert weak estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects depending on tissue context.

Question 2

The body's primary short-term energy storage form of carbohydrate, found mainly in the liver and muscles, is:

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose stored in liver (~100g) and muscle (~400g) and rapidly mobilized during fasting or exercise.

Question 3

Which condition is characterized by excessive accumulation of iron in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Hemochromatosis

Answer

Hereditary hemochromatosis results from mutations (most commonly HFE gene C282Y) causing dysregulated iron absorption and progressive organ damage.

Question 4

Which vitamin is uniquely found almost exclusively in animal-sourced foods, making vegans at high risk for deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is synthesized only by microorganisms and is present in meaningful amounts only in animal products, requiring supplementation in vegan diets.

Question 5

The process by which the small intestine absorbs iron most efficiently — in the ferrous (Fe2+) form — is facilitated by which transporter?

Accepted Answer

DMT1 (divalent metal transporter 1)

Answer

DMT1 on the apical surface of duodenal enterocytes transports ferrous iron (Fe2+) across the brush border membrane into the cell.

Clinical Nutritionist CCN Practice Test

Clinical Nutritionist CCN Practice Test

Clinical Nutritionist CCN Trivia 4