Clinical Nutritionist CCN Micronutrients and Deficiencies

Question 1

Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium and phosphorus absorption, leading to defective bone mineralization manifesting as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.

Question 2

A patient presents with bleeding gums, petechiae, and poor wound healing. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Answer

Scurvy results from vitamin C deficiency, impairing collagen synthesis and causing fragile blood vessels, bleeding gums, and impaired wound healing.

Question 3

Which mineral is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones T3 and T4?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Answer

Iodine is an essential component of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4); deficiency leads to hypothyroidism and goiter.

Question 4

What is the primary function of vitamin K in the body?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylation of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X

Answer

Vitamin K serves as a cofactor for gamma-carboxylase, which activates clotting factors and bone proteins by adding carboxyl groups to glutamate residues.

Question 5

Pernicious anemia results from a deficiency of which vitamin due to lack of intrinsic factor?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)

Answer

Pernicious anemia is caused by impaired vitamin B12 absorption when intrinsic factor (produced by gastric parietal cells) is absent, leading to megaloblastic anemia and neurological damage.

Clinical Nutritionist CCN Practice Test

Clinical Nutritionist CCN Practice Test

Clinical Nutritionist CCN Micronutrients and Deficiencies