CLAT Logical Reasoning & Quantitative Techniques 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In a family, P is the brother of Q. Q is the mother of R. S is the father of R. How is P related to S?
- Brother
- Brother-in-law (Correct answer)
- Father-in-law
- Son-in-law
Correct answer: Brother-in-law
P is Q's brother; Q is married to S (parents of R); therefore P is S's brother-in-law.
Question 2: Directions: Read and choose. 'Judicial activism occurs when courts interpret laws broadly to advance social justice.' Which statement best critiques this?
- Judicial activism always leads to better outcomes.
- Broad interpretation may overstep judicial authority into legislative domain. (Correct answer)
- Social justice is not the courts' concern.
- Judges are elected and thus accountable.
Correct answer: Broad interpretation may overstep judicial authority into legislative domain.
The strongest critique is that broad interpretation risks usurping the legislature's law-making role, violating separation of powers.
Question 3: If SOME lawyers are judges and ALL judges are public servants, which must be true?
- All lawyers are public servants.
- Some lawyers are public servants. (Correct answer)
- No lawyer is a public servant.
- All public servants are judges.
Correct answer: Some lawyers are public servants.
The lawyers who are also judges must be public servants (since all judges are public servants), so at least some lawyers are public servants.
Question 4: The average of 5 numbers is 20. If one number is excluded, the average drops to 15. What is the excluded number?
- 35
- 40 (Correct answer)
- 45
- 50
Correct answer: 40
Total of 5 numbers = 100; total of remaining 4 = 60; excluded number = 100 − 60 = 40.
Question 5: Which of the following is an example of the 'slippery slope' fallacy?
- If we allow assisted dying, soon we will allow killing anyone inconvenient. (Correct answer)
- The accused is guilty because three witnesses testified.
- The law is unjust because it was passed without debate.
- The judge ruled in favor because the law was clear.
Correct answer: If we allow assisted dying, soon we will allow killing anyone inconvenient.
Claiming one action inevitably leads to an extreme, unrelated consequence without evidence is the slippery slope fallacy.
Question 6: A clock shows 3:15. What is the angle between the hour and minute hands?
- 0°
- 7.5° (Correct answer)
- 15°
- 22.5°
Correct answer: 7.5°
At 3:15, the minute hand is at 90° and the hour hand is at 90° + 15×0.5° = 97.5°; the difference is 7.5°.
Question 7: Passage: 'Legal positivism holds that law is a social fact, not a moral judgment.' A legal positivist would most likely argue:
- An unjust law is no law at all.
- A law is valid if it was enacted through proper procedure, regardless of its moral content. (Correct answer)
- Morality must guide every judicial decision.
- Natural law supersedes statutory law.
Correct answer: A law is valid if it was enacted through proper procedure, regardless of its moral content.
Legal positivism separates law's validity from its moral content, holding that proper enactment determines legal validity.
CLAT Logical Reasoning & Quantitative Techniques 4
In a family, P is the brother of Q.
Q is the mother of R.
S is the father of R.
How is P related to S?