CGC Practice Test

CGC Exam at a Glance

What changed for CGC in 2026

• Oct 25, 2026: Registration deadline changed to January 15, 2027 (previously January 15, 2027 (February 2027 exam)).^[1]
• Oct 25, 2026: Delivery changed to Prometric test center (US & Canada) or remote proctoring (previously Prometric test center (US & Canada) or remote online proctoring).^[1]
• Oct 25, 2026: Score release changed to On screen after the exam; PDF score report by email (previously Result on screen right after the exam; official PDF score report by email).^[5]

The CGC (Certified Genetic Counselor) credential is a highly regarded certification for professionals dedicated to helping patients understand and adapt to the implications of genetic conditions. With the increasing demand for precision medicine, genetic counselors play a critical role in healthcare, guiding individuals through genetic testing, interpreting results, and providing support.

This guide will cover the key aspects of becoming a CGC, including eligibility, certification steps, career prospects, job locations, and salary expectations. Whether you're just beginning your journey or seeking information about advancing in this field, this article provides the roadmap to becoming a Certified Genetic Counselor.

According to American Board of Genetic Counseling, “The ABGC Certification Examination consists of 200 multiple-choice questions (170 scored items; 30 pre-test items).”^[1]

CGC content outline and where to practise each area

The content areas below are copied from the official CGC content outline published by American Board of Genetic Counseling. The right-hand column shows which of our practice sets covers it.

Worked examples: how to reason through CGC questions

These are practice questions written for this site, not questions from the real exam. Each explanation shows why the right answer is right and why the others are wrong.

Example 1

Question: The ACMG/AMP criterion PVS1 applies to which type of variant?

1. A null variant in a gene where loss of function is a known disease mechanism
2. Any missense variant in a conserved domain
3. A variant seen in many unaffected controls
4. A synonymous variant predicted to alter splicing

Answer: A. A null variant in a gene where loss of function is a known disease mechanism

Explanation:

Option A is correct. In the ACMG/AMP framework, PVS1 is very strong evidence meant for null variants, such as nonsense, frameshift and canonical splice-site changes, but only in a gene where loss of function is an established disease mechanism.

Option B is wrong because a missense variant does not clearly abolish the protein, and conservation is different, weaker evidence. Option C is wrong because a variant seen in many unaffected controls points toward benign evidence, not pathogenic. Option D is wrong because a synonymous change is not a null variant, and any splicing effect would need its own supporting evidence.

Rule to remember: ask two questions. Is the variant truly null, and is loss of function how this gene causes disease? Both answers must be yes before PVS1 applies.

Example 2

Question: When counseling a patient from a different cultural background regarding a hereditary condition, the genetic counselor should FIRST:

1. Assume cultural beliefs will not affect decision-making
2. Ask the patient about their cultural values and beliefs related to genetics
3. Proceed with standard counseling and adjust only if resistance is encountered
4. Request a formal cultural competency consult

Answer: B. Ask the patient about their cultural values and beliefs related to genetics

Explanation:

Option B is correct. Asking about the patient's cultural values and beliefs before you counsel lets you shape the information so it is relevant and respectful, and it treats the patient as the authority on their own views.

Option A is wrong because assuming culture will not matter is itself an assumption, and it can hide beliefs that shape decisions. Option C is wrong because waiting for resistance means the session has already gone off course, and a patient may simply stay quiet instead of objecting. Option D is wrong because a formal consult is not the first step; the counselor can start the conversation directly and consult later if needed.

Rule to remember: elicit before you educate. Explore the person's context first, then adapt your counseling to it.

Example 3

Question: A laboratory reclassifies a previously reported VUS as likely pathogenic. What is the most appropriate next step?

1. Issue an amended report to the ordering provider so the patient can be recontacted
2. Wait until the patient asks about updated results
3. Delete the original report from the record
4. Reclassify only if a relative also tests positive

Answer: A. Issue an amended report to the ordering provider so the patient can be recontacted

Explanation:

Option A is correct. When a laboratory reclassifies a variant in a way that could change care, it should issue an amended report to the ordering provider, who can then recontact the patient and act on the new classification.

Option B is wrong because it puts the burden on the patient, who has no reason to know a result changed. Option C is wrong because deleting the original report erases the record of what was reported and when, which laboratories and clinicians need for accountability. Option D is wrong because a reclassification rests on accumulated evidence about the variant, not on whether a relative happens to test positive.

Rule to remember: when a classification changes, communicate it through a documented, amended report to the provider.

How to use these practice tests

Start by reading the ABGC exam information and the content outline so you know what is tested and how the exam is delivered. Then take one practice set from each area, using the sets listed above, without notes. Your aim at this stage is a map of weak spots, not a score.

Next, work in blocks by topic. For every question you miss, write one sentence on why the correct option is right and one on why your choice was wrong. Pay particular attention to the reasoning rules behind variant classification, risk calculation and counseling responses, because the same rule shows up in many different questions.

Mix in cancer genetics, prenatal genetics and laboratory genetics once your core areas feel steady, and keep returning to psychosocial and ethical issues, since scenario questions often blend them with technical content.

In the final stretch, sit a long mixed session in a quiet room and time it against the full exam length, so the pace and stamina feel familiar. Our questions are written by us and are not real exam questions, so use them to build reasoning, not to predict content.

Key Takeaways

Free CGC Practice Test Online

• Certification Requirements: To become a CGC, candidates must complete a Master’s in genetic counseling, gain clinical experience, and pass the ABGC certification exam.
• Career Flexibility: Certified genetic counselors have a range of career paths in healthcare, research, and private practice.
• High Salary Potential: Genetic counselors have competitive salaries, with median earnings around $85,000.
• Patient Impact: CGCs help individuals understand genetic conditions and make informed health decisions.

What Is a Certified Genetic Counselor?

A CGC (Certified Genetic Counselor) is a healthcare professional specialized in assessing individuals or families for genetic risks. This certification, provided by the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC), confirms that the counselor has the knowledge and skills to provide informed guidance on genetic conditions, testing options, and preventative care.

Key Responsibilities:

• Risk Assessment: Identify genetic risks based on personal and family history.
• Guidance: Help individuals understand genetic testing options, implications, and results.
• Support: Provide emotional and psychological support to patients facing genetic issues.

Path to Becoming a Certified Genetic Counselor

Educational Requirements
To qualify for the CGC, candidates typically need:

• A Master’s degree in genetic counseling from an accredited program.
• Comprehensive training that covers genetics, counseling techniques, ethics, and field experience.

Accredited programs in genetic counseling are available through various universities and offer a blend of classroom learning, clinical internships, and counseling practice.

Certification Steps

1. Complete a Master’s Program: Enroll in and graduate from an accredited genetic counseling program.
2. Gain Clinical Experience: Accumulate clinical hours, as required by the ABGC, under the supervision of certified professionals.
3. Apply for the CGC Exam: Apply through the ABGC, which reviews educational qualifications and experience.
4. Pass the CGC Exam: The certification exam assesses knowledge in genetic science, counseling, and clinical practice.
5. Maintain Certification: Certified counselors must pursue ongoing education and periodically renew certification.

Salary Expectations for Genetic Counselors

Salaries for genetic counselors vary based on factors such as location, experience, and specialization. Generally, genetic counseling is a well-compensated field due to its specialized nature and growing demand.

• Average Salary: The median annual salary for genetic counselors in the U.S. is approximately $85,000, with experienced counselors in high-demand areas earning upwards of $100,000.
• Influential Factors: Salaries vary by location, with metropolitan areas and regions with high healthcare demand often paying more. Additionally, counselors who specialize in areas like prenatal, pediatric, or cancer genetics may receive higher compensation.

Career Opportunities for Certified Genetic Counselors

CGC (Certified Genetic Counselor) have diverse career options. The field’s interdisciplinary nature allows CGCs to work in hospitals, clinics, research institutions, and educational settings.

Common Job Settings

• Hospitals: Most genetic counselors work in hospitals, providing patient care and collaborating with other healthcare providers.
• Genetic Testing Companies: Some counselors work with genetic testing companies, interpreting results and developing reports.
• Research Institutions: Genetic counselors in research settings may work on studies related to genomics, diseases, and preventative medicine.
• Private Practice: Some counselors opt to work independently, offering specialized genetic counseling services.

With advancements in personalized medicine, CGCs also find opportunities in emerging fields, such as telemedicine and biotechnology. Their expertise is valuable in creating patient-centered care models that involve genetic insights.

Finding a Genetic Counselor Near You

Locating a genetic counselor nearby is essential for individuals who need guidance on genetic testing and related health decisions. Several resources make it easier to find certified professionals within one’s area:

• Professional Organizations: Sites like the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) provide directories for finding qualified genetic counselors.
• Hospitals and Clinics: Many hospitals employ genetic counselors or can provide referrals.
• Online Platforms: Telehealth services and specialized counseling platforms allow patients to access certified genetic counselors remotely.

Connecting with a certified genetic counselor near you or through telehealth services ensures that you receive personalized support tailored to your medical and family history.

Conclusion

Becoming a CGC (Certified Genetic Counselor) is a rewarding path for individuals passionate about genetics and healthcare. The CGC credential not only validates one’s expertise in genetic science and counseling but also opens doors to a variety of impactful careers. As personalized medicine advances, genetic counseling will remain a vital service, empowering patients to understand and manage their genetic health.

With a foundation in accredited education, supervised clinical experience, and CGC certification, professionals in this field are well-prepared to contribute to the evolving landscape of genetics and patient-centered care.

Sources & last verified

1. American Board of Genetic Counseling — number of questions, time limit, exam fee, retake fee (official source). “The ABGC Certification Examination consists of 200 multiple-choice questions (170 scored items; 30 pre-test items).” Verified Oct 30, 2026 · source checked Oct 30, 2026.
2. American Board of Genetic Counseling — passing score, eligibility (official source). “The CGC exam scores are reported on a scale of 200 to 800; the passing scaled score is 600.” Verified Oct 25, 2026 · source checked Oct 23, 2026.
3. American Board of Genetic Counseling — validity (official source). “ABGC certification is valid for five years.” Verified Oct 25, 2026 · source checked Oct 23, 2026.
4. American Board of Genetic Counseling — renewal (official source). “Diplomates recertifying through continuing education must collect 12.5 Continuing Education Units (CEUs)” Verified Oct 25, 2026 · source checked Oct 23, 2026.
5. American Board of Genetic Counseling — score release (official source). “The result will be provided on screen following the completion of the evaluation and an official score report will be sent to the email address…” Verified Oct 25, 2026.
6. American Board of Genetic Counseling — other (official source). “domain 1. clinical information human development and genetic conditions” Verified Nov 1, 2026.

How we verify: editorial & fact-checking policy. Report an error: contact us.