Certified Dietary Manager Test Special Diets and Therapeutic Nutrition 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which IDDSI texture level is most appropriate for a patient with moderate dysphagia who cannot manage lumpy foods?
- Regular (Level 7)
- Minced and Moist (Level 5) (Correct answer)
- Pureed (Level 4)
- Liquidized (Level 3)
Correct answer: Minced and Moist (Level 5)
IDDSI Level 5 (Minced and Moist) is designed for patients with moderate dysphagia who can handle small, soft particles but not lumpy or hard textures.
Question 2: A renal diet for a patient with chronic kidney disease typically restricts which group of nutrients?
- Carbohydrates and dietary fat
- Potassium, phosphorus, and sodium (Correct answer)
- Calcium and vitamin D
- Iron and zinc
Correct answer: Potassium, phosphorus, and sodium
CKD diets restrict potassium, phosphorus, and sodium because impaired kidneys cannot adequately excrete these minerals, leading to dangerous accumulation.
Question 3: What is the primary dietary goal for a patient following a cardiac diet after myocardial infarction?
- Increase caloric intake to support tissue healing
- Reduce saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium to lower cardiovascular risk (Correct answer)
- Eliminate all dairy products from the diet
- Increase protein intake to 2 g/kg body weight
Correct answer: Reduce saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium to lower cardiovascular risk
Post-MI cardiac diets focus on reducing saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium to decrease LDL cholesterol and blood pressure risk.
Question 4: Which type of sweetener is most appropriate for a patient with diabetes mellitus who requires calorie restriction?
- Sucrose
- High-fructose corn syrup
- Non-nutritive sweeteners such as aspartame or stevia (Correct answer)
- Honey or agave nectar
Correct answer: Non-nutritive sweeteners such as aspartame or stevia
Non-nutritive sweeteners like aspartame or stevia provide sweetness without significant caloric or glycemic impact, making them suitable for diabetes management.
Question 5: A consistent carbohydrate diet is prescribed primarily to manage which condition?
- Celiac disease
- Diabetes mellitus (Correct answer)
- Hypertension
- Chronic renal disease
Correct answer: Diabetes mellitus
Consistent carbohydrate diets help regulate blood glucose by providing predictable carbohydrate amounts at each meal and snack throughout the day.
Question 6: What is the caloric density of dietary fat per gram?
- 4 kcal/g
- 7 kcal/g
- 9 kcal/g (Correct answer)
- 11 kcal/g
Correct answer: 9 kcal/g
Fat provides 9 kilocalories per gram, more than double the caloric density of carbohydrates or protein, which each provide 4 kcal/g.
Certified Dietary Manager Test Special Diets and Therapeutic Nutrition 1
Which IDDSI texture level is most appropriate for a patient with moderate dysphagia who cannot manage lumpy foods?