Database Administration and Security Flashcards
6 cards from real CDP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Database Administration and Security flashcards as text
What is a database audit trail used for in a regulated environment?
Answer: Logging who accessed or modified data, when, and what changes were made for compliance and security investigations
A database audit trail logs all access and modification events—who, what, and when—to support regulatory compliance, security investigations, and accountability.
What is 'connection pooling' in database applications?
Answer: Reusing a pool of pre-established database connections to reduce the overhead of creating new connections for each request
Connection pooling maintains a pool of reusable database connections, avoiding the costly overhead of establishing a new connection for each application request.
In database recovery, what is the difference between a 'full backup' and a 'differential backup'?
Answer: A full backup copies all data; a differential backup copies only data changed since the last full backup
A full backup captures all database data, while a differential backup captures only data that has changed since the most recent full backup, reducing backup time and storage.
What is the CAP theorem in distributed database systems?
Answer: A theorem stating that a distributed system can guarantee at most two of three properties: Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance
The CAP theorem states that in a distributed system, you can only simultaneously guarantee two of three properties: Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance.
What is database normalization's Third Normal Form (3NF) requirement?
Answer: No transitive dependencies — non-key attributes must depend only on the primary key, not on other non-key attributes
3NF requires that non-key attributes depend only on the primary key (not on other non-key attributes), eliminating transitive dependencies that cause update anomalies.
What is 'dynamic data masking' and how does it differ from static data masking?
Answer: Dynamic masking shows masked data in query results to unauthorized users without altering stored data; static masking creates a separate masked copy of the data
Dynamic data masking obfuscates data in query results in real-time without changing stored data, while static masking creates a separate, permanently masked copy for non-production use.
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