CDR Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Question 1

Which formula type is most appropriate for a patient with severe malabsorption and short bowel syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Elemental (monomeric) formula

Answer

Standard polymeric formula

Answer

Semi-elemental formula

Answer

High-fiber formula

Question 2

What is the primary indication for using a nasojejunal (NJ) tube instead of a nasogastric (NG) tube?

Accepted Answer

High risk of aspiration due to gastroparesis or delayed gastric emptying

Answer

Patient preference for comfort

Answer

Need for long-term enteral access

Answer

Inability to tolerate lipid-containing formulas

Question 3

A patient on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) develops refeeding syndrome. Which electrolyte abnormality is the hallmark of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Hypophosphatemia

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Question 4

What osmolality range is generally considered safe for peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) to avoid thrombophlebitis?

Accepted Answer

Less than 900 mOsm/L

Answer

Less than 600 mOsm/L

Answer

Less than 1200 mOsm/L

Answer

Less than 1500 mOsm/L

Question 5

Which complication is most commonly associated with long-term parenteral nutrition use?

Accepted Answer

Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD)

Answer

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 6

When initiating enteral nutrition in a critically ill patient, what is the preferred delivery site?

Accepted Answer

Gastric feeding whenever feasible

Answer

Esophageal feeding

Answer

Colonic feeding

Answer

Duodenal feeding only

Question 7

What is the caloric density of a standard 20% lipid emulsion used in parenteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

2.0 kcal/mL

Answer

1.0 kcal/mL

Answer

3.0 kcal/mL

Answer

4.5 kcal/mL