CDCES Pharmacology Fundamentals 4

Question 1

A patient using insulin pump therapy (CSII) experiences a site infection. What education should the CDCES provide?

Accepted Answer

Rotate sites every 3-7 days and inspect sites at each change

Answer

Insulin pump sites should be rotated every 2-3 days and inspected at each change to prevent infection, lipohypertrophy, and absorption problems.

Question 2

Which sulfonylurea is preferred in elderly patients due to its lower risk of prolonged hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Glipizide has a shorter duration of action and no active metabolites, making it safer in elderly patients compared to long-acting sulfonylureas like glyburide.

Question 3

A patient with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (eGFR 25) needs glucose-lowering therapy. Which agent requires the most caution?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Metformin is contraindicated when eGFR falls below 30 mL/min/1.73m² due to the risk of lactic acidosis from impaired renal clearance.

Question 4

What is the primary mechanism by which GLP-1 receptor agonists promote weight loss?

Accepted Answer

Slowing gastric emptying and reducing appetite via central hypothalamic effects

Answer

GLP-1 receptor agonists delay gastric emptying and activate hypothalamic receptors to reduce appetite and food intake, leading to clinically significant weight loss.

Question 5

A patient reports that their insulin pen was left at room temperature for 28 days. What should the CDCES advise?

Accepted Answer

Discard the pen as most insulins are only stable for 28 days at room temperature

Answer

Most insulin preparations are stable at room temperature (below 77-86°F) for approximately 28-30 days, after which potency degrades and the pen should be discarded.

(CDCES) Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist Practice Test

(CDCES) Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist Practice Test

CDCES Pharmacology Fundamentals 4