CCRN Gastrointestinal and Renal Care 3

Question 1

A patient with end-stage renal disease misses dialysis and has peaked T waves on ECG. What is the priority treatment?

Accepted Answer

IV calcium gluconate

Answer

Oral potassium supplement

Answer

Normal saline bolus

Answer

Furosemide alone

Question 2

Which acid-base disturbance is most characteristic of chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic acidosis

Answer

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Respiratory acidosis

Answer

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 3

A patient develops disequilibrium syndrome during hemodialysis. What causes this?

Accepted Answer

Rapid shift of solutes causing cerebral edema

Answer

Air embolism

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Question 4

Which lab finding best distinguishes prerenal azotemia from intrinsic renal failure?

Accepted Answer

BUN-to-creatinine ratio greater than 20:1

Answer

Elevated white blood cell count

Answer

Low hemoglobin

Answer

Elevated lipase

Question 5

A patient with a small bowel obstruction is at greatest risk for which complication?

Accepted Answer

Bowel ischemia and perforation

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Question 6

Which medication should be administered cautiously in a patient with hepatic failure due to impaired metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Acetaminophen

Answer

Lactulose

Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Albumin

Question 7

A patient with severe diarrhea has a serum bicarbonate of 14 mEq/L. Which acid-base disorder is present?

Accepted Answer

Non-anion gap metabolic acidosis

Answer

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Respiratory acidosis

Answer

Anion gap metabolic acidosis