Emergency Management and First Aid Flashcards

Using the adult Rule of Nines, what percentage of body surface area is the entire front of the trunk?

Answer: 18%

In adults, the front of the trunk counts as 18% and the back counts as another 18%.

A burn is red, very painful, and has blisters. How is it classified?

Answer: Superficial partial-thickness (second-degree)

Blisters with redness and pain point to a partial-thickness (second-degree) burn, which involves the epidermis and part of the dermis.

What is the correct immediate first aid for a minor thermal burn on the hand?

Answer: Cool the burn under cool running water for at least 10 minutes

Cool running water stops the burning process and eases pain, while ice, butter, and breaking blisters can cause more damage or infection.

A coworker splashes a disinfectant chemical into her eyes. What should be done first?

Answer: Flush the eyes at the eyewash station for at least 15 minutes

OSHA guidance calls for flushing the eyes continuously with water for at least 15 minutes to dilute and remove the chemical.

A landscaper has hot, dry skin, a temperature of 105°F, and is confused. What is the most likely condition and priority action?

Answer: Heat stroke; call 911 and begin rapid cooling

Very high body temperature with altered mental status signals heat stroke, a life-threatening emergency that needs immediate cooling and EMS.

When splinting a suspected fracture of the forearm, what should the splint immobilize?

Answer: The joints above and below the injury

Immobilizing the joints above and below the fracture keeps the broken bone ends from moving.

Which action is appropriate when caring for a patient with moderate hypothermia?

Answer: Remove wet clothing, cover with dry blankets, and warm the patient gradually

Gradual rewarming after removing wet clothing is safe, while rubbing limbs or rapid rewarming can trigger dangerous heart rhythms.