CCI Echocardiography Techniques and Applications 1

Question 1

Which echocardiographic view is obtained by placing the transducer at the left parasternal border to visualize the long axis of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Parasternal long-axis view

Answer

The parasternal long-axis view is obtained at the left parasternal border and displays the left ventricle, mitral valve, aortic valve, and aortic root along the long axis.

Question 2

In M-mode echocardiography, which measurement is used to calculate left ventricular ejection fraction using the Teichholz method?

Accepted Answer

Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions

Answer

The Teichholz method uses left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and end-systolic dimension (LVESD) from M-mode to calculate ejection fraction.

Question 3

What does an E/A ratio greater than 2 with a short deceleration time indicate in Doppler assessment of mitral inflow?

Accepted Answer

Grade III restrictive diastolic dysfunction

Answer

An E/A ratio >2 with a deceleration time <160 ms indicates Grade III (restrictive) diastolic dysfunction, suggesting elevated filling pressures.

Question 4

Which Doppler modality uses a sample volume placed at a fixed depth and provides spectral analysis of flow at that specific location?

Accepted Answer

Pulsed wave Doppler

Answer

Pulsed wave Doppler uses a sample volume at a specific depth with range resolution, allowing interrogation of flow at a precise location but limited by the Nyquist limit.

Question 5

During a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE), which structure is best visualized in the mid-esophageal four-chamber view?

Accepted Answer

All four cardiac chambers and AV valves

Answer

The mid-esophageal four-chamber view at approximately 0 degrees displays all four chambers, the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, and interatrial septum simultaneously.

CCI - Cardiovascular Credentialing International Practice Test

CCI - Cardiovascular Credentialing International Practice Test

CCI Echocardiography Techniques and Applications 1