Foundations of Career Development Theories Flashcards

In Holland's hexagonal (RIASEC) model, which personality type is positioned directly opposite the Artistic (A) type?

Answer: Conventional

On Holland's hexagon, Conventional (C) is placed directly opposite Artistic (A), indicating the greatest psychological distance between these types.

Frank Parsons' Trait-and-Factor Theory requires three foundational steps. Which of the following is NOT one of those steps?

Answer: Exploring unconscious motivations through psychoanalysis

Parsons' three steps are self-understanding, knowledge of the world of work, and true reasoning to relate the two — psychoanalytic exploration is not part of his model.

In Donald Super's Archways of Career Development model, what does the keystone at the apex of the arch represent?

Answer: Self-concept

The keystone of Super's archway is self-concept, which integrates personal and situational determinants and holds the entire career development structure together.

Eli Ginzberg's developmental theory of occupational choice identifies three stages in the correct sequence of:

Answer: Fantasy, Tentative, Realistic

Ginzberg identified Fantasy (childhood), Tentative (early adolescence), and Realistic (late adolescence/young adulthood) as the three stages of occupational choice development.

According to Holland's theory, 'congruence' specifically refers to the match between:

Answer: A person's personality type and their work environment type

Congruence in Holland's theory describes the degree of fit between an individual's personality type (e.g., Investigative) and the dominant type of their work environment.

Anne Roe's theory of career choice places primary emphasis on the influence of:

Answer: Early childhood experiences and parent-child relationships

Roe proposed that early parent-child interactions (especially the emotional climate) shape basic psychological needs, which in turn drive occupational choice.

Donald Super's concept of 'life space' refers to:

Answer: The constellation of life roles a person plays simultaneously

Life space describes the breadth of roles (e.g., child, student, worker, homemaker, citizen, leisurite) that an individual occupies at any given time.