CBIS CBIS Brain Injury Pathophysiology and Neuroscience 2

Question 1

What is cerebral autoregulation?

Accepted Answer

The automatic adjustment of cerebral blood flow to maintain stable perfusion despite changes in systemic blood pressure

Answer

Cerebral autoregulation is the mechanism by which cerebral blood vessels dilate or constrict to maintain relatively constant cerebral blood flow across a range of systemic blood pressures.

Question 2

Which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting diffuse axonal injury in TBI?

Accepted Answer

MRI with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)

Answer

MRI with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is the most sensitive tool for identifying white matter tract damage and axonal shearing characteristic of DAI.

Question 3

What is the normal range of intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults?

Accepted Answer

5–15 mmHg

Answer

Normal ICP in adults ranges from approximately 5 to 15 mmHg; values consistently above 20 mmHg are considered elevated and require intervention.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes secondary brain injury?

Accepted Answer

Physiological cascades such as hypoxia, hypotension, and cerebral edema that worsen injury after the initial event

Answer

Secondary brain injury encompasses the biochemical and physiological processes — including inflammation, excitotoxicity, and ischemia — that develop hours to days after the primary impact and compound neural damage.

Question 5

What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) relevant to TBI?

Accepted Answer

To selectively restrict passage of substances from the bloodstream into the brain, protecting neural tissue

Answer

The BBB is formed by specialized tight junctions in cerebral endothelial cells that limit which molecules can enter the brain, protecting it from toxins and pathogens; TBI often disrupts this barrier, worsening edema and inflammation.

(CBIS) Certified Brain Injury Specialist Practice Test

(CBIS) Certified Brain Injury Specialist Practice Test

CBIS CBIS Brain Injury Pathophysiology and Neuroscience 2