CBIS CBIS Brain Injury Pathophysiology and Neuroscience

Question 1

What is 'primary brain injury' in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI)?

Accepted Answer

Immediate mechanical damage occurring at the moment of impact

Answer

Damage caused by secondary complications like swelling

Answer

Injury resulting from inadequate oxygen delivery

Answer

Neural damage caused by excitotoxic neurotransmitters

Question 2

Which brain region is most critically associated with memory consolidation and is frequently damaged in TBI?

Accepted Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Basal ganglia

Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 3

What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) measure in TBI patients?

Accepted Answer

Level of consciousness through eye, verbal, and motor responses

Answer

Brain metabolic activity via PET scan

Answer

Degree of intracranial hemorrhage on CT imaging

Answer

Post-traumatic amnesia duration

Question 4

What is diffuse axonal injury (DAI)?

Accepted Answer

Widespread shearing of axons throughout the brain caused by rotational forces

Answer

Focal bleeding in the subdural space

Answer

Localized neuron death from ischemia

Answer

Swelling confined to a single brain lobe

Question 5

Which neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in excitotoxicity following a TBI?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 6

According to standard clinical criteria, which combination defines a mild TBI?

Accepted Answer

GCS 13–15, loss of consciousness <30 minutes, PTA <24 hours

Answer

GCS 3–8, loss of consciousness >24 hours, PTA >7 days

Answer

GCS 9–12, no loss of consciousness, PTA <1 hour

Answer

GCS 13–15, loss of consciousness >1 hour, PTA >7 days