CAT Aerobics Trainer Exercise Physiology & Conditioning 2

Question 1

Which energy system is the PRIMARY source during a 400-meter sprint lasting approximately 50 seconds?

Accepted Answer

Glycolytic (lactic acid) system

Answer

The glycolytic system dominates efforts lasting roughly 30–120 seconds, making it the primary contributor for a 400-meter sprint.

Question 2

Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying heart rate by which other variable?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output (Q) = Heart Rate × Stroke Volume, expressing how much blood the heart pumps per minute.

Question 3

The Fick equation relates VO2 to cardiac output and which other measurement?

Accepted Answer

Arteriovenous oxygen difference

Answer

The Fick equation states VO2 = Cardiac Output × Arteriovenous O2 Difference (a-vO2 diff), reflecting oxygen extraction by tissues.

Question 4

Which muscle fiber type has the HIGHEST oxidative capacity and is most fatigue-resistant?

Accepted Answer

Type I (slow-twitch oxidative)

Answer

Type I slow-twitch fibers are densely packed with mitochondria and myoglobin, giving them superior oxidative capacity and fatigue resistance.

Question 5

During prolonged aerobic exercise, which fuel source becomes increasingly important as muscle glycogen is depleted?

Accepted Answer

Free fatty acids (FFA)

Answer

As glycogen stores fall during prolonged exercise, adipose-derived free fatty acids become the dominant fuel through beta-oxidation.

(CAT) Certified Aerobics Trainer Practice Test