Board Certified Ophthalmologist Uveitis and Ocular Inflammation 3

Question 1

Which HLA type is most strongly associated with birdshot chorioretinopathy?

Accepted Answer

HLA-A29

Answer

Birdshot chorioretinopathy has an almost pathognomonic association with HLA-A29, found in over 95% of affected patients—one of the strongest HLA-disease associations in medicine.

Question 2

A patient presents with recurrent episodes of markedly elevated intraocular pressure (40–60 mmHg) with minimal anterior chamber cells or flare, and unilateral corneal edema. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Posner-Schlossman syndrome (glaucomatocyclitic crisis)

Answer

Posner-Schlossman syndrome presents with recurrent unilateral episodes of markedly elevated IOP with minimal anterior chamber inflammation, often with mild corneal edema.

Question 3

What is the standard treatment regimen for active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis threatening the macula?

Accepted Answer

Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine + folinic acid (with adjunct corticosteroids)

Answer

The classic treatment for vision-threatening toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis is pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine + folinic acid (leucovorin to prevent bone marrow suppression), often combined with systemic corticosteroids.

Question 4

Which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting subclinical choroidal involvement in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)

Answer

ICGA is superior for imaging the choroidal stroma and detects subclinical choroidal granulomas in VKH as hypofluorescent dark spots, even before they are visible on FFA or clinical examination.

Question 5

Which subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) carries the highest risk of developing chronic anterior uveitis?

Accepted Answer

Oligoarticular JIA in ANA-positive young girls

Answer

Oligoarticular JIA, particularly in young ANA-positive girls, carries up to a 30% risk of chronic asymptomatic anterior uveitis requiring regular slit-lamp screening.

Board Certified Ophthalmologist Practice Test

Board Certified Ophthalmologist Practice Test

Board Certified Ophthalmologist Uveitis and Ocular Inflammation 3