BMST - Basic Math and Science Cellular Processes and Organelles Questions and Answers 5

Question 1

Which component of the cell membrane is responsible for cell recognition and communication?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Answer

Glycoproteins on the cell surface act as identification markers and receptor sites, enabling cell recognition, immune responses, and intercellular communication.

Question 2

What is the role of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Using electrons to pump H+ ions and generate ATP

Answer

The electron transport chain transfers electrons through protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane, pumping H+ ions to drive ATP synthase and produce most of the cell's ATP.

Question 3

Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and other pigments in their thylakoid membranes, where light energy is captured and converted into chemical energy (glucose).

Question 4

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not

Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles including a true nucleus, while prokaryotic cells lack these membrane-bound compartments and have a nucleoid region instead.

Question 5

What is the net ATP yield from glycolysis (per molecule of glucose)?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Answer

Glycolysis produces 4 ATP but consumes 2 ATP to start the process, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule.

BMST - Basic Math and Science Test Practice Test

BMST - Basic Math and Science Test Practice Test

BMST - Basic Math and Science Cellular Processes and Organelles Questions and Answers 5