BMST - Basic Math and Science Cellular Processes and Organelles Questions and Answers 4

Question 1

Which cellular organelle contains its own DNA and reproduces by binary fission?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Mitochondria contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes, and divide independently by binary fission, supporting the endosymbiotic theory.

Question 2

What is the primary function of lysosomes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion

Answer

Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign invaders through intracellular digestion.

Question 3

In plant cells, which organelle stores pigments, starch, and oils?

Accepted Answer

Plastid

Answer

Plastids are plant-specific organelles that include chloroplasts (photosynthesis), chromoplasts (pigments), and leucoplasts (starch/oil storage).

Question 4

What happens to a plant cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

It shrinks and the membrane pulls away from the wall (plasmolysis)

Answer

In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the plant cell by osmosis, causing the cytoplasm to shrink and pull away from the cell wall, a process called plasmolysis.

Question 5

Which phase of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equatorial plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

During metaphase, chromosomes are pulled to the middle of the cell (metaphase plate) by spindle fibers attached to the centromeres.

BMST - Basic Math and Science Test Practice Test

BMST - Basic Math and Science Test Practice Test

BMST - Basic Math and Science Cellular Processes and Organelles Questions and Answers 4