BMAT BMAT Scientific Knowledge & Applications 1

Question 1

In BMAT Section 2 biology, which molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code transcribed from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for translation.

Question 2

What is the primary function of mitochondria in human cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP production via cellular respiration

Answer

Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, producing ATP as the cell's main energy currency.

Question 3

In the human heart, which chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta?

Accepted Answer

Left ventricle

Answer

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into the systemic circulation.

Question 4

Which enzyme breaks down starch in the human digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Amylase breaks starch into maltose and is found in both saliva and pancreatic juice.

Question 5

In BMAT biology, osmosis is defined as the movement of:

Accepted Answer

Water across a semipermeable membrane from high to low water potential

Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from high water potential (low solute) to low water potential (high solute).

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