BMAT BMAT Scientific Knowledge & Applications 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In BMAT Section 2 biology, which molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis?
- DNA
- tRNA
- mRNA (Correct answer)
- rRNA
Correct answer: mRNA
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code transcribed from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for translation.
Question 2: What is the primary function of mitochondria in human cells?
- Protein synthesis
- ATP production via cellular respiration (Correct answer)
- DNA replication
- Lipid storage
Correct answer: ATP production via cellular respiration
Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, producing ATP as the cell's main energy currency.
Question 3: In the human heart, which chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta?
- Right atrium
- Left atrium
- Right ventricle
- Left ventricle (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Left ventricle
The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into the systemic circulation.
Question 4: Which enzyme breaks down starch in the human digestive system?
- Lipase
- Protease
- Amylase (Correct answer)
- Cellulase
Correct answer: Amylase
Amylase breaks starch into maltose and is found in both saliva and pancreatic juice.
Question 5: In BMAT biology, osmosis is defined as the movement of:
- Solutes from high to low concentration
- Water across a semipermeable membrane from high to low water potential (Correct answer)
- Water from a region of low to high solute concentration
- Ions through a protein channel
Correct answer: Water across a semipermeable membrane from high to low water potential
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from high water potential (low solute) to low water potential (high solute).
Question 6: Which blood cells are primarily responsible for the immune response in the human body?
- Erythrocytes
- Platelets
- Leukocytes (Correct answer)
- Reticulocytes
Correct answer: Leukocytes
Leukocytes (white blood cells) are the primary cells of the immune system, defending against pathogens.
BMAT BMAT Scientific Knowledge & Applications 1
In BMAT Section 2 biology, which molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis?