BCA Pediatric Anesthesia Considerations 2

Question 1

What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in pediatric patients during anesthesia?

Accepted Answer

Laryngospasm leading to hypoxia

Answer

Laryngospasm causing hypoxia is the leading cause of anesthesia-related cardiac arrest in children.

Question 2

In a 4-year-old child, which inhalation agent has the lowest blood-gas partition coefficient, allowing for fastest induction?

Accepted Answer

Desflurane

Answer

Desflurane has the lowest blood-gas partition coefficient (0.42), enabling the fastest emergence, though it is not typically used for inhalation induction due to airway irritability.

Question 3

A 3-year-old (15 kg) requires fluid resuscitation for hemorrhagic shock. What is the initial IV crystalloid bolus dose?

Accepted Answer

300 mL (20 mL/kg)

Answer

PALS guidelines recommend 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid as the initial bolus for pediatric hemorrhagic or distributive shock.

Question 4

Which condition is MOST associated with subglottic stenosis in a neonate requiring intubation?

Accepted Answer

Prior prolonged intubation in the NICU

Answer

Prolonged neonatal intubation is the most common acquired cause of subglottic stenosis due to mucosal pressure injury.

Question 5

At what corrected gestational age is a formerly premature infant considered safe to receive outpatient surgery without mandatory postoperative apnea monitoring?

Accepted Answer

60 weeks

Answer

Most institutions require former preemies to reach 60 weeks postconceptual age before outpatient anesthesia without overnight apnea monitoring.

(BCA) Board of Certification in Anesthesiology Practice Test

(BCA) Board of Certification in Anesthesiology Practice Test

BCA Pediatric Anesthesia Considerations 2