AST Science Reasoning 1

Question 1

In a controlled experiment, the variable that the researcher deliberately changes is called the:

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

Constant variable

Answer

Control group

Question 2

A student notices that plants near a window grow faster than those in a dark corner. What is the most reasonable hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Light exposure increases plant growth rate.

Answer

Temperature affects plant growth rate.

Answer

Water intake determines plant growth rate.

Answer

Soil type influences plant growth rate.

Question 3

A graph shows that as temperature increases, enzyme activity first rises then falls sharply. What can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have an optimal temperature range beyond which they denature.

Answer

Higher temperatures always improve enzyme function.

Answer

Enzymes are unaffected by temperature changes.

Answer

Low temperatures destroy enzymes instantly.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A well-substantiated explanation supported by extensive evidence

Answer

An educated guess about a phenomenon

Answer

An absolute, unchangeable fact

Answer

A hypothesis that has not yet been tested

Question 5

In an experiment, results that support the null hypothesis mean:

Accepted Answer

No significant effect was found between variables.

Answer

The experiment proved the researcher's prediction.

Answer

The data was unreliable and must be discarded.

Answer

The experiment needs to be repeated immediately.

Question 6

A researcher tests whether caffeine affects reaction time by giving one group coffee and another group water. The group given water is the:

Accepted Answer

Control group

Answer

Experimental group

Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Dependent variable